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Peer-Reviewed Research on Our Pd/MWCNT Catalyst

ZnoNova Materials·Elsevier · 2026

Two independent peer-reviewed papers, both published by Elsevier in 2026, characterise magnesium hydrogen-storage systems built with the Pd/MWCNT catalyst we supply. Below are the full citations with DOIs, the measured results, and — the part that matters most for due diligence — what the papers themselves say about where the material came from and what its specification is.

Why this page exists

Buyers evaluating a hydrogen-storage material get told a lot of numbers by a lot of suppliers. Very few of those numbers have a citable source behind them.

Ours do. Both papers went through peer review at Elsevier journals, both name the material's manufacturer in the methods section, and both are permanently citable by DOI. If your technical team wants to check our claims, they do not have to take our word for anything — they can read the papers.

1

Hierarchical synergistic mechanism of Pd-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for enhanced hydrogen sorption in AZ61 magnesium alloy

Authors: Song-Jeng Huang, Biniyam Tizazu Abraham, Sathiyalingam Kannaiyan, Wen-Lie Chang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology · Top Nano Technology Co., Ltd.

Journal: Fuel 425 (2026) 139436 · Elsevier · ISSN 0016-2361
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139436
Journal standing: SCIE · Q1, ranked 31/183 in ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL · Impact Factor 7.8 · Funded under NSTC 114-2221-E-011-102
Received 10 February 2026 · Accepted 8 April 2026

Measured results — AZ61

Reversible capacity6.15 wt% H₂ in the optimised AZ61 – 3 wt% Pd₅MWCNT₉₅ composite
Kinetics90% saturation in 976 s at 375 °C — a 58% improvement in absorption kinetics versus pure AZ61
Desorption activation energy123.9 kJ/mol apparent
StructurePd nanoparticles ~1.05 nm on an O²⁻-enriched MgO surface layer; MWCNTs refine grains to ~18.7 nm
MechanismD3-type three-dimensional diffusion kinetics confirmed by reduced-time master-plot analysis
2

Enhanced hydrogen storage in palladium- and multi-walled carbon nanotube-modified AZ31 magnesium alloy: Experimental and density functional theory study

Authors: Song-Jeng Huang, Biniyam Tizazu Abraham, Sathiyalingam Kannaiyan, Wen-Lie Chang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology · Top Nano Technology Co., Ltd.

Journal: Journal of Energy Storage 179 (2026) 123907 · Elsevier · ISSN 2352-152X
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2026.123907
Journal standing: SCIE · Scopus · Q1, ranked 29/191 in ENERGY & FUELS · Impact Factor 10.7
Received 16 April 2026 · Accepted 24 July 2026

Measured results — AZ31

Capacity6.89 wt% in the AZ31 – 5 wt% Pd/MWCNT composite
Kinetics446 s absorption / 735 s desorption at 375 °C
Activation energyAbsorption 73.48 → 61.19 kJ/mol; desorption 132.7 → 98.5 kJ/mol (a 25.8% reduction)
Surface chemistryXPS shows a negative shift in Mg 2p (−1.32 eV) and enhanced metallic Mg exposure
TheoryDFT confirms Pd decoration strengthens surface H adsorption (−0.09 to −0.56 eV) and promotes interfacial charge redistribution at the Pd–Mg contact
3

Enhancing Hydrogen Storage in AZ31 Alloy through Pd/G composite

Authors: Song-Jeng Huang, Chen-Ju Lai, Veeramanikandan Rajagopal, Wen-Lie Chang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology · Top Nano Technology Co., Ltd.

Journal: Journal of Research Update in Polymer Science 12 (2023) 203–207
DOI: 10.6000/1929-5995.2023.12.18
Indexed in Scopus · Funded under NSTC 111-2221-E-011-096-MY3

Why this one matters separately

The two 2026 papers study palladium on carbon nanotubes. This earlier paper studies palladium on graphene — a different carbon support in the same AZ31 magnesium system, by the same group and with the same industrial co-author.

That is worth knowing for two reasons. First, it shows the catalytic effect is not an artefact of one particular support. Second, we supply both carbon materials: the Pd/MWCNT composite, and a few-layer graphene characterised at 5–8 layers with Raman verification. If your programme wants to compare supports rather than accept ours, we can supply both sides of that comparison.

Read it with the right weight. This is a shorter paper in a smaller journal than the two 2026 studies, and it is Scopus-indexed rather than SCIE Q1. We list it because it is real and relevant, not because it carries the same evidential weight — and we would rather rank our own evidence honestly than present three papers as if they were equal.

4

The Hydrogen Storage Properties and Catalytic Mechanism of the AZ31-WS₂ Nanotube/Pd Composite

Authors: Song-Jeng Huang, Veeramanikandan Rajagopal, Sakthipriya Balu, Sivakumar Selvaraju, Murugan Subramani
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel) 15(11) (2025) 802 · MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano15110802 · Full text on PubMed Central
Access: Open access — readable in full without a subscription

What it records about our manufacturer

This paper states the palladium supplier explicitly in its Materials section:

“Palladium (Pd) particles were purchased from Top Nano Technology Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan with 99.9% purity.”

That is an independent, third-party record of the purity grade our manufacturer supplies — written by a research group, not by us, and verifiable by anyone in one click.

Measured results — AZ31 + WS₂ nanotube/Pd

Absorption3.91 wt% in 60 minutes; 5.60 wt% under isothermal conditions at 375 °C
Desorption3.90 wt% released in 60 minutes (first-cycle activation)
Activation energy123.25 → 104.58 kJ/mol with 8 wt% WS₂ NT/Pd addition

Read the scope correctly. This study uses tungsten disulphide nanotubes with palladium, not our Pd/MWCNT composite. Top Nano Technology supplied the palladium particles here, not a finished composite. We list it because it independently documents our manufacturer and its purity grade — not because its performance figures belong to our product. Those are in papers 1 and 2.

What the papers say about our material

This is the passage that matters. In the Materials section of the 2026 Journal of Energy Storage paper, the authors describe where the nanotubes came from and what they measured:

The pristine MWCNTs were acquired from Top Nano Technology Co. Ltd. and demonstrated an average tube diameter of roughly 9.5 nm coupled with a high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 250–300 m²/g. … This hybrid additive, supplied by the same manufacturer, consisted of 5 wt% palladium nanoparticles supported on 95 wt% MWCNTs and was produced by a wet-chemical deposition route that yielded crystalline Pd uniformly anchored to the nanotube surfaces.

Those figures — 9.5 nm tube diameter, 250–300 m²/g, 5/95 Pd/MWCNT — are the same figures on our technical datasheet. An independent research group measured them and published them. That is a stronger form of evidence than a supplier datasheet on its own, and it is the reason we point technical buyers here first.

Reading these results honestly

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